- Streaming Platforms: Musicians earned royalties from streaming services like Spotify, Apple Music, and YouTube. The revenue was generated based on the number of streams their songs received.
- Digital Sales: Musicians earned money from digital downloads of their music on platforms like iTunes and Amazon Music.
- Physical Sales: Although less common than in the past, musicians still earned money from the sale of physical formats like CDs and vinyl records.
- Live Performances: Concerts and live performances were a significant source of income for many musicians. They earned money through ticket sales and merchandise at these events.
- Merchandising: Musicians often sold branded merchandise like clothing, posters, and other items related to their music, which generated additional revenue.
- Licensing and Syncing: Musicians earned money by licensing their music for use in commercials, movies, TV shows, and other media. This was known as synchronization (sync) licensing.
- YouTube and Ad Revenue: Musicians who uploaded their content to platforms like YouTube could earn money through ad revenue generated by their videos.
- Royalties from Performing Rights Organizations (PROs): Musicians earned royalties when their music was played on radio, TV, in public spaces, or online platforms. PROs like ASCAP, BMI, and SESAC collected and distributed these royalties.
- Crowdfunding and Fan Support: Some musicians used crowdfunding platforms like Patreon or Kickstarter to receive direct financial support from their fans.
- Publishing Royalties: Musicians who wrote their own songs earned money from publishing royalties, which were generated whenever their songs were used or performed publicly.
Why Musicians get paid in 2023!
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